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John Van "Tex" Austin (1886 – 26 October 1938〔U.P.I. (26 October 1938) "Death Cancels Plans King of Rodeo Shows" ''Kokomo Tribune'' p. 2, col. 8〕) was an American rodeo promoter, known as the "King of the Rodeo"〔〔Staff (29 December 1928) "“King of the Rodeo” Now showing at Gem" ''The Salt Lake Tribune'' p. 15, col. 2〕 or "Daddy of the Rodeo" because of his efforts to popularize the rodeo outside of its core American West demographic. He owned the Forked Lightning Ranch in New Mexico. From 1925 to 1929, he was promoter, manager, and director of the Chicago Roundup. Austin's birth name, in St. Louis, Missouri, was Clarence Van Nostrand. In 1908, he left St. Louis and adopted a new persona, changing his name (and usually was called Tex Austin) and saying that he was raised on a cattle ranch in Victoria, Texas.〔(Forked Lightning Ranch - nps.gov - Retrieved February 18, 2008 )〕 He worked at the L.F.D. Ranch in Roswell, New Mexico and then at a ranch at Las Vegas, New Mexico. He claimed to have worked for Don Luis Terrazas, the Chihuahua cattle baron of the Creel-Terrazas Family. In 1910, he was a captain under Francisco Villa in Madero's revolutionary forces against Diaz.〔〔Staff (19 September 1936) "Austin Given Famous Mint Special Recipe" ''Santa Fe New Mexican'' p. 1, col. 1〕 His first produced rodeo was in El Paso, Texas. In 1918 in Wichita, Kansas, he produced the first indoor rodeo.〔This fact is disputed. The Southwestern Exposition and Livestock Show, held in Fort Worth in February, 1918, also claims to be the first indoor rodeo. 〕 In the 1920s, Austin put together a rodeo and played in Chicago Stadium, New York's Madison Square Garden (1922), and in Hollywood.〔Staff (28 June 1935) "Cowboy Title To Be Sought For in August" ''The Arcadia Tribune'' p. 2, col. 2〕〔Staff (25 July 1935) "“They've All Been Throwed,” Says Veteran Rider of 'Outlaw' Broncs" ''Galveston Daily News'' p. 9, col. 1〕 He even took his rodeo to the newly opened Wembley Stadium in London, in 1924.〔This rodeo was organized by Charles Cochran, and managed by Tex Austin. It ran from 14 June to 5 July 1924 and was the First International Rodeo. ("Mrs. Grant E. Ashby Rodeo Collection 1924-1983" National Cowboy & Western Heritage Museum )〕 Austin took to Britain such rodeo stars as: Ike Rude, Manerd Gayler, Dave Campbell and Rube Roberts.〔Porter, Willard H. (1975) "A Visit with Ike Rude" ''Roping and Riding: Fast Horses and Short Ropes'' A.S. Barnes, Cranbury, New Jersey, p. 39 ISBN 0-498-01549-1〕 The rodeo was challenged by animal rights activists attempting to get a court order barring the rodeo on the basis of animal cruelty. The Wembly rodeo, in which Austin lost $20,000, was to cause Parliament to pass the Protection of Animals Act 1934〔("Protection of Animals Act 1934" Chapter 21 Geo. 5, 17 May 1934 ) amending the "Protection of Animals Act 1911", United Kingdom〕 which made it an offense to rope an untrained animal or to ride one using a cruel appliance such as a strap cinched tight around its genitals.〔(Carson, Gerald (April 1972) "The Late, Late Frontier" ''American Heritage (Magazine)'' 23(3): p.75 )〕 Tex Austin returned to London with his rodeo in 1934 and they performed before the king and queen. Bronc riders including Herman Linder, Frank Sharp, and Pete Knight rode in the 1934 London rodeo; the featured bucking horse of the show was the legendary Midnight.〔The National Sporting Club Ltd., under the direction of Tex Austin, presented the 1934 London rodeo held at White City, London, 9 June to 6 July 1934.("Mrs. Grant E. Ashby Rodeo Collection 1924-1983" National Cowboy & Western Heritage Museum )〕 ==New Mexico== In the early 1920s, he was involved with the Vermejo Park Ranch guest ranch. In 1925, he bought land in the old Pecos Pueblo Grant for a guest ranch called Forked Lightning Ranch. The main ranch house was one of the first works of John Gaw Meem. The ranch is now part of the Pecos National Historic Park. Austin would hold cattle drives between the ranch and Las Vegas, New Mexico, recruiting city folk back east to participate in the drives.〔 The ranch was later owned by Buddy Folgeson and the actress Greer Garson. After losing the ranch in the Great Depression, Austin retired to Santa Fe with his wife Mary Lou McGuire of Albuquerque. They opened a restaurant in Santa Fe called "Tex Austin's Los Rancheros".〔Staff (28 August 1936) "From Rodeos to Restaurants; Tex Austin Takes Up New Role" ''Santa Fe New Mexican'' p. 2, col. 4〕 He committed suicide in 1938, a few weeks after getting a diagnosis that he was going blind. He died of carbon monoxide inhalation while he was in his car at his home. Photographs of his rodeo days were found stacked on the couch of his home.〔(Staff (27 October 1938) "Facing Blindness, Tex Austin Takes His Own Life" ''Albuquerque Journal'' p. 2, col. 1 )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Tex Austin」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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